Session 4 - National And Global Preparedness For Space Weather Events: Research, Forecasting, And Mitigation

Thomas Colvin (Science & Technology Policy Institute), Christopher Cannizzaro (U.S. Department of State), Lucie Green (UCL)
Monday 18/11 14:00-15:15
Mozane 789

National and global preparedness for space weather events is critical to protecting our security, enhancing our economic well-being, and achieving our aspirational goals beyond the Earth’s orbit. Different countries may take different approaches to increasing preparedness due to their unique geographic, economic, and infrastructure characteristics, yet these differences also present an opportunity to advance global preparedness through identification of best practices and shared goals. Concurrent international actions also present the opportunity to develop collaborations that enhance preparedness through joint or complementary endeavors (e.g., programs, platforms, missions).

This session will bring together government representatives and the research community to discuss potential best practices and avenues for collaboration. Representatives from various countries will have the opportunity to share their efforts at the national and/or global level, as well as their perspective on gaps that could be filled through international collaboration. Researchers can showcase advances in research, observations, or analyses that inform or enhance preparedness for the effects of space weather events. All presenters are invited to identify opportunities for additional research and collaboration to enhance preparedness and resilience to the effects of space weather events.

Talks
Monday November 18, 14:00 - 15:15, Mosane 789

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Talks : Time schedule

Monday November 18, 14:00 - 15:15, Mosane 789

14:00	Space Weather Activities in Latin America	Gonzalez esparza, J et al.	Invited Oral
	Americo Gonzalez-Esparza[1], Joaquim E. R. Costa[2], Clezio M. Denardini[2], Sergio Dasso[3], Juan A. Valdivia[4]
	[1] SCIESMEX-LANCE, Instituto de Geofısica, UNAM, Mexico, [2] EMBRACE, National Institute for Space Research, Brazil, [3] LAMP, UBA, Argentina, [4] LCE, U. de Chile, Chile
	Latin American institutions did begin in space science since the 1960s, focusing on the solar–terrestrial interactions, which today is commonly called space weather. Several instrumental networks and scientific collaborations have been constructed in Latin America in the lasts decades. These instrumental networks currently used for space science research are gradually being incorporated into the space weather monitoring data pipelines as their data provides key variables for monitoring and forecasting space weather. We report the work in progress in space weather monitoring, researching, and forecasting of the different national centers, and the steps to create a Latin American consortium (ALL4Space) for space weather studies and monitoring.
14:15	Operational Space Weather Practices in the South African region	Mckinnell, L et al.	Invited Oral
	Lee-Anne McKinnell, Mpho Tshisaphungo and River Wyoming Yaffe
	South African National Space Agency (SANSA)
	The South African National Space Agency (SANSA) has operated the Regional Warning Center (RWC) for Space Weather in Africa since 2010. Recently, South Africa, through SANSA, was designated by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) as a Regional Centre for the provision of space weather information to international air navigation. The centre depends on ground based geophysical data from distributed networks across Southern Africa and the South Atlantic which complement available satellite based data to achieve an operational capability. Over the past 9 years SANSA has developed a regional capability to monitor and forecast space weather as well as prioritising research projects that enhance the modelling ability of the centre. SANSA has also partnered in a number of international space weather projects each of which has contributed towards enhancing the knowledge and expertise needed to provide these services. Up until recently SANSA has focused on the ability to forecast and predict space weather impacts on High-Frequency (HF) communication, however, in anticipation of the recent designation the SANSA team have been moving from this limited focus to a full focus 24/7 operational capability. This paper will discuss the road that SANSA is taking to prepare for a regional capability in operational space weather. The legislative considerations, critical success factors, the importance of national and global partnerships and the skills required will be outlined as the challenges and successes of SANSA’s journey to a 24/7 operational space weather capability for Africa is presented.
14:30	U.S. National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan	Keshian, J et al.	Invited Oral
	Jaclyn Keshian
	White House Office of Science and Technology Policy
	In March 2019, the United States released the National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan (NSWSAP). The NSWSAP provides clear direction – identifying strategic objectives and high-level actions necessary to achieve a space-weather-ready Nation. To enhance the Nation’s preparedness for space weather events, the NSWSAP underscores the importance of 1) enhancing the protection of assets and operations against the effects of space weather; 2) developing and disseminating accurate and timely space weather characterizations and forecasts; and 3) establishing plans and procedures for responding to and recovering from space weather events. This talk will provide an overview of the NSWSAP and highlight opportunities for international collaboration.
14:45	The Ionosphere Prediction Service: Its way forward at the JRC	Fortuny, J et al.	Invited Oral
	Angela Aragon-Angel[1], Manuel Hernandez-Pajares[2], Martin Zurn[1], Roberto Sabbi[1], Joaquim Fortuny Guasch[1], and Eric Guyader[3]
	[1]European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) Directorate for Space, Security and Migration, Ispra, IT; [2]UPC-IonSAT, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain; [3]European Commission, Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, Brussels, BE
	The H2020 project “Ionospheric Prediction Service” (IPS), procured by the European Commission in the frame of the Galileo Programme, was a project funded by the European Commission, which concluded in February 2019 with the opening to the users of the IPS service prototype and the mirroring of the prototype into the JRC. The initial goal of IPS was to design and develop a prototype capable of providing prediction products at regional, European and global scales to assist GNSS users anticipate potential degradation of the GNSS performance. It has the capability to offer to GNSS users and service providers early warnings, nowcasting and forecasts of Sun behavior, ionosphere content and dynamic, as well as their impact translated into the GNSS user domain. The JRC has supported this project throughout its whole lifetime, from February 2016 to January 2019. Such JRC contribution has covered several angles: independent survey of existing similar prediction platform worldwide and assessment of performance and functionalities, recommendation to the consortium of state of the art testing/testing methods, critical review of the Consortium's own approach to testing, preparation of the testing phase by identifying relevant historical events and associated products worth to be compared to, and independent testing of some products proposed by the Consortium as a verification mean. The JRC is now entitled to the continuous maintenance of the IPS via a mirroring of the IPS at the JRC premises. From this mirroring it is expected that the JRC contributes to the strengthening of the current IPS products and explore potential extensions. In this presentation, ideas and potential research for the contribution of JRC to the development and testing of the IPS platform are going to be presented, mostly related to some testing and validation and the extension to the Polar Caps of the current IPS products.
15:00	NOSWE - The Norwegian Centre for Space Weather	Leussu, R et al.	Oral
	Raisa E. Leussu, Daniel Martini
	NOSWE / Tromsø Geophysical Observatory, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway
	The Norwegian Centre for Space Weather (NOSWE) is a unit established under Tromsø Geophysical Observatory (TGO) at UiT – the Arctic University of Norway, in Tromsø – a junction point for industries affected by space weather including the oil industry and auroral tourism. NOSWE has been formally appointed by the responsible government body (The Norwegian Space Agency) as the regional space weather warning centre in Norway, and acts as the contact point for, most importantly, government directorates and industries in issues concerning space weather, but also for the general public with related questions. We present our work in increasing the national preparedness for space weather events in Norway, the background of NOSWE’s establishment, and some key areas for future development. While consideration of the complex interconnectedness of societal sectors when assessing the harmful impacts of space weather is important, our focus as a start is on the power grid, which the majority of other areas are dependent on. A collaboration has been initiated with the national power grid operator in Norway, starting from defining an action protocol that can be expanded into a national template, and establishing space weather metrics specific to Norway, as opposed to the global indices and storm definitions. The current focus on the geomagnetic aspects of space weather follows naturally from the in-house expertise within TGO. Although not as critical for society, one aspect of serving national user needs is to fulfil our scientific responsibility in offering information for people interested in the Aurora. Analysis of NOSWE’s website visitor statistics have shown that the majority of our users are viewing products related to northern lights – also a fast-growing tourism business in Northern Norway. Our aim is to build up our website to serve better this group of users by providing more detailed and easily approachable information on northern lights, including the science and history, and providing further assistance in interpreting the space weather products on our website. While NOSWE’s main concern is serving national needs, space weather is not restricted by country borders. Therefore, international collaboration aiming for smooth flow of data, information and experiences is essential, but the actual national user requirements have to be considered. One of the key visions of NOSWE is to develop a complementary service filling the gap between available resources and user needs. While a wealth of space weather information is readily available online via a variety of portals and websites, our national team would serve the users by helping to interpret and filter this information, forming a so-called ‘scientist in the loop’, and providing the sought-after local contact point.

Posters

1	Physical Damage Simulation on Drone and Wireless Communication Devices by Space Weather Hazard	Yun, A et al.	p-Poster
	Ami Yun[1], Sangwoong Min[1], Taeyoung Kim[1], Jaewoo Park[1], Sejin Park[1], Jaehyeong Lee[2]
	[1]RADARNSPACE, [2]Korean Space Weather Centre, National Radio Research
	In this study, the simulation test has been organized to measure physical damage on industries by space weather hazard. The simulation were conducted on commonly used low power communication devices, and drone as it is increasingly used worldwide. There have been three experiments conducted: 1) How the magnetic sensors in drone can be affected by changes of magnetic field due to space environmental fluctuation, 2) How the ionospheric changes caused by space weather change can affect GPS sensors in drone, and 3) How the increase of solar radio noise influence the wireless communication devices. The first experiment simulates a magnetic field using electromagnets and controls the intensity to observe the state of the drones in different space weather environment status to check which point the drones lose their direction through checking intensity and change in magnetic fields. The second experiment floats the drones in the chamber and generate GPS signal using GPS simulator while sending indirect interference signal simultaneously to imitate ionospheric disturbance to observe status of the drone. Third experiment uses electromagnetic anechoic chamber with noise generator to imitate solar noise and examines communication quality in accordance with change of noise. Target for the third experiment is low power communication devices such as Bluetooth and Wifi, etc.
2	KSWC's R&D activities to mitigate space weather risk	Choi, J et al.	p-Poster
	Jang Suk Choi, Joon Chul Moon, Jong Yeon Yoon, Chang Hyu Ko,
	Korean Space Weather Center in National Radio Research Agency
	The Korean Space Weather Center (KSWC) of the National Radio Research Agency (RRA) is a government agency which is the official source of space weather information for Korean Government and the primary action agency of emergency measure to severe space weather condition as the Regional Warning Center of the International Space Environment Service (ISES). In this study, we are going to introduce R&D activity to mitigate the SWx risk in Korea. Recently, KSWC is focusing on enhancing the utilization of SWx prediction models. We have introduced deep learning(AI) technique trained by solar active region and magnetogram datas to develope flare cast model, which is revised version of ASSA. ASSA(Automatic Solar Synoptic Analyze) is an automatic software system of identifying sunsopt groups, coronal holes and filament channels using artificial neural network. The IPS model which has been used for solar wind velocity analysis, will be upgraded to generate more detailed V-Map information. To improve SWx forecasting accuracy, we are building validation system to calculate quantative verification results of SWx forecasting automatically.
4	Development of a national space weather warning service for The Netherlands	Doornbos, E et al.	p-Poster
	Eelco Doornbos[1], Bert van den Oord[1], Fenneke Overes[1], John van de Vegte[1]
	[1] KNMI, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
	The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) is in the process of developing a national space weather service for The Netherlands (including the special Dutch municipalities in the Caribbean). The service is aimed at the vital sectors of the Netherlands as identified in the National Risk Assessment and is financed by a number of ministries. In this presentation, we will discuss the current status of the development of this new service and present some lessons learned. The KNMI operational weather room will act as a front office and will be responsible for 24/7 monitoring of space weather activity. This front office will be supported by a back office (8/5) that will take over coordination in case of significant space weather warnings or events, in order to perform more detailed analysis, consult with international partners and communicate directly with government crisis coordination. The KNMI space weather back office will also be responsible for training of the KNMI staff and the risk managers within the Dutch government. End users of the vital sectors need to be informed on how to use the alerts. The back office will also be responsible for maintaining contact with other space weather services, advice the Dutch government in space weather related policy development (like e.g. for the WMO, ESA, EU programs), and for contributing to and keeping up to date with international space weather research. In addition to setting up the back and the front office at KNMI, new activities are stimulated, such as setting up scintillation monitoring in the Caribbean, exploring LOFAR in the Netherlands for space weather applications, and participation in space weather related studies in the framework of the ESA Earth Observation satellite missions Swarm and Daedalus. These activities will help to mature the service.
6	International Community Coordination in Space Weather	Kuznetsova, M et al.	p-Poster
	Masha Kuznetsova[1], Hermann Opgenoorth[2], Anna Belehaki[3], Mario Bisi[4], Sean Bruinsma[5], Alexi Glover[6], Daniel Heynderickx[7], Jon Linker[8], Ian Mann[9], Sophie Murray [10], Dibyendu Nandi [11], Manuela Temmer[12]
	[1]NASA GSFC, [2] Umeå University, [3]NOA, [4] UKRI STFC, [5 ]CNES, [6]ESA, [7] DH Consultancy, [8] PSI, [9] University of Alberta, [10] Trinity College Dublin, [11] Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India, [12] University of Graz
	Understanding and predicting space weather and its impact on society is acknowledged as a global challenge. To address the need to join forces and to maximize return on efforts the COSPAR Panel on Space Weather created a network of International Space Weather Action Teams (ISWAT). The initiative is building upon established efforts by engaging existing international teams and facilitates emerging of new teams and leads. Action teams are organized into ISWAT clusters based on domain, phenomena or impact. ISWAT serves as a global hub for community coordinated topical focused collaborations and a global community voice for next generation of strategic planning. One of the near term goals is to establish a process for updating a COSPAR/ILWS space weather Roadmap [Advances in Space Research, 2015: DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2015.03.023] and to transform the Roadmap into a living document. Another important tasks is to develop an extensive information technology infrastructure to support collaborative projects through a centralized database and an interactive web-based framework. The presentation will review the current status of the ISWAT initiative and plans for community-wide campaigns.
7	Statistical Analysis on the Satellite Anomalies and its Implication in the case of a Disastrous Solar Flare	Seki, D et al.	p-Poster
	Daikichi SEKI[1][2], Hiroaki ISOBE[3], and Kaoru TAKARA[1]
	[1]Kyoto University, [2]University of Cambridge, [3]Kyoto City University of Arts
	Our active star, the Sun, often produces eruptive phenomena called solar flare. Solar flare disturbs the interplanetary and near-Earth plasma environment, and often causes miscellaneous adverse effects on artificial satellites. For example, in case of so-called “Halloween event”, accompanied by X17-class flare, 47 satellites reported anomalies, 1 was a total loss, and 10 suffered from a loss of service for more than 1 day [Royal Academy of Engineering, 2013]. Recently, it was revealed that so-called “superflare” which has 10–100 times larger energy than the largest flare ever observed could occur on the Sun once in 100–1000 years from the miscellaneous points of view such as statistical analyses of the activities of the Sun-like stars [Notsu et al. 2019], simple MHD theory [Shibata et al. 2013], the ancient literatures [Isobe et al. 2019], and the dose of 14C in tree rings [Miyake et al. 2012]. However, though there are many socioeconomic impact assessments of “moderate” solar eruptive phenomena, the assessment of “disastrous” solar flares has been little conducted. For this reason, we aimed to evaluate the possible damage of a superflare, especially focusing on satellite anomalies. In this study, we show the first impact assessment of satellite anomalies in case of a superflare. By taking simple linear regressions between the satellite-anomaly rate defined as the number of anomalies per satellite per flare event and 19 solar-disturbance-related physical parameters (soft X-ray flux between 0.1 and 0.8 nm, integral electron flux (> 2 MeV), integral proton fluxes with 7 different energy ranges (> 1, 5, 10, 30, 50, 60, and 100 MeV), and - Dst index) for 90 X-class flare events, we found that the 6-days averaged proton flux with its energy above 100 MeV had a very good correlation (R2 score > 0.9) to the satellite-anomaly rates of GEO and GPS satellites. Assuming that integral proton flux follows the scaling law proposed by Takahashi et al. 2016, its extrapolation showed that in case of 1-in-100-years and 1-in-1000-years events, the GPS-satellite-anomaly rates should be 6.34 and 43.2, respectively. These rates are ~8 (1-in-100-years case) and ~50 (1-in-1000-years case) times larger than the worst case ever observed. Thus, we suggest that in cases of 1-in-100-years and 1-in-1000-years superflares, all the satellites could suffer from the anomalies and the damages could be ~8 and ~50 times severer than the worst case in modern era.
8	First steps for the i-SWAT initiative	Temmer, M et al.	p-Poster
	Manuela Temmer[1], Masha Kuznetsova[2], Mario Bisi [3]
	[1]Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (manuela.temmer@uni-graz.at), [2] NASA/GSFC, USA [3]RAL Space, Science & Technology Facilities Council, UK
	To make progress in improving current state-of-the-art solar wind and CME forecasting models, validation and scientific peer-review qualification is needed. iSWAT (International Space Weather Action Teams) is an international, community driven effort and provides the required platform to challenge our models and to exchange our experience with peers in order to improve our work. iSWAT is also a network that fosters first contacts among interdisciplinary group members (Sun (S1-3), Heliosphere (H1-3), and Geospace (G1-3)). Cooperation will offer new perspectives and will make our models more efficient and progress them efficiently towards operational tools. Operational tools are not only meant to be used by (industrial) end-users, but particularly by peers in order to get a more complete understanding of the physical processes underlying CME and solar wind propagation.
10	Space Weather service activities and initiatives at LAMP (Argentinean Space Weather Laboratory group)	Lanabere, V et al.	p-Poster
	V. Lanabere[1], S. Dasso[1,2,3], A.M. Gulisano[3,4], V.E. López[5], A.E Niemelä-Celeda[1]
	[1] UBA FCEyN, Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos (DCAO), Argentina, [2] IAFE/UBA CONICET,Argentina, [3] UBA FCEyN, Departamento de Física (DF), Argentina, [4] Instituto Antártico Argentino/ DNA, Argentina, [5] Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN), Argentina
	The Argentinean Space Weather Laboratory (in Spanish 'Laboratorio Argentino de Meteorología del esPacio', LAMP) was initiated in 2016. LAMP carries out daily monitoring of real-time information (space and ground-based instruments) on Space Weather, including own data and of other centers that offer them publicly. Space Weather instrumentation installed in Argentina that offer real time data (magnetometers, ionosondes, particle detector, all-sky imager, solar telescope) are also included during the daily monitoring. A well established procedure is followed by the members of LAMP in order to generate a weekly bulletin that synthesize the most relevant information for Space Weather users (aviation, electric power, GNSS service, communication, spacecraft development and launch). LAMP members also participate into monthly briefing to discuss and analyze the situation of the previous days and to improve into the products that are useful for Operative Space Weather. Furthermore, LAMP is working on the development of an alert-system available via e-mail under subscription and on new data-based products.
11	Identifying the Customer Requirements of the Mediterranean Space Weather Users	Cid, C et al.	p-Poster
	Consuelo Cid[1], Antonio Guerrero[1], Helen Mavromichalaki[2], Mauro Messerotti[3], Alexis P. Rouillard[4], Teresa Barata[5], Cristina Ariza[6], João Fernandes[5], Ignacio Grande[6], Manuel Hernandez[7], Sandra Negrin[8], Evangelos Paouris[2], Rui Pinto[4], Elena Saiz[1], Anastasia Tezari[2]
	[1] Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain, [2] National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, [3] INAF-Astronomical Observatory of Trieste, Trieste, Italy, [4] IRAP, Univ. Toulouse III, CRNS, CNES, Toulouse, France, [5] CITEUC/OGAUC, Coimbra, Portugal, [6] GMV, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain, [7] UPC-IonSAT, Barcelona, Spain, [8] Deimos, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
	Space Weather is widely recognized as a major hazard for infrastructures and human life. There is a large SWE user community operating in the Mediterranean region that requires accurate and timely space weather information. The project SWE-MED (Space Weather-Mediterranean), funded by ESA within the SSA Programme, aims to identify how the SSA SWE segment customer requirements baseline needs to be enhanced and tailored to best meet the needs of end users operating in the Mediterranean region. To achieve this, a user consultation exercise is been performed including workshops in five countries of the Mediterranean region: France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. The targeted sectors include communication and navigation, offshore resource exploration/exploitation, power system operation, pipeline operation, railway operation, aviation, shipping, logistics, space surveillance and insurance. This presentation summarized first results from the SWE-MED Project.
12	NICT space weather research & operation activities in Asia-Oceania	Hozumi, K et al.	p-Poster
	Kornyanat Hozumi[1], Takuya Tsugawa[1], Mamoru Ishii[1], Pornchai Supnithi[2], Susumu Saito[3], Punyawi Jamjareegulgarn[4], Yuichi Otsuka[5], Hiroyuki Nakata[6], Sittiporn Channumsin[7], and Suwat Sreesawat[7]
	[1] National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Tokyo, Japan; [3] King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Bangkok, Thailand; [2] National Institute of Maritime, Port and Aviation Technology (ENRI), Tokyo, Japan; [4] King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Prince of Chumphon Campus; (KMITL PCC), Chumphon, Thailand [5] Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; [6] Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; [7] Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA), Chonburi, Thailand
	In global economy, aviation has been one of the fast-growing industries. In order to avoid the risk of the space weather effect on communications and navigation systems, the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) has considered incorporating ionospheric information (as a part of space weather information) in the operational requirement in coming years. In the near future, the precise satellite positioning technique will be indispensable technology in the world, especially Southeast Asia where its economy grows rapidly. It needs to construct many huge infrastructures such as large-scale agriculture with GNSS utility. On the other hand, the influence of ionospheric disturbances needs to be removed to enable the use of the precise positioning. The trend of space weather research and operation will also change its situation in coming ten years regarding ICAO operational requirement, the realization of the society, and the necessity to social infrastructure itself. NICT has a long history of space weather forecast in Japan. Apart from domestic work, NICT is pioneer in ionospheric observation in Southeast Asia. NICT seeded space weather activities such as SEALION (SouthEast Asia Low-latitude IOnospheric Network) in 2003 and AOSWA (Asia Oceania Space Weather Alliance) in 2010. SEALION has various observation equipments in Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, and the Philippines to monitor the ionosphere including the EPB (Equatorial Plasma Bubble). The Thailand space weather consortium was kicked off in mid 2019. From late 2019, we will install the new VHF radar in Chumphon, Thailand. It is expected to improve information quality of the EPB. In additions, the GNSS receivers will be expanded to Myanmar and/or Laos regarding the ASEAN IVO (ICT Virtual Organization of ASEAN Institutes and NICT) project. The ionospheric information itself is, however, not easy for operational users. To effectively link research to operation (R2O), radio propagation simulator named HF-START (HF Simulator Targeting for All-users’ Regional Telecommunications) has also been developed for years. In this paper, the recent space weather research & operation activities in Asia-Oceania will be reviewed. Prospect vision on space weather in Asia-Oceania will be discussed.
13	An example of application of the AULs framework: developing local geomagnetic indices LDi and LCi	Guerrero, A et al.	p-Poster
	A. Guerrero[1], C. Cid[1], E. Saiz[1], A. J. Halford[2], A. C. Kellerman[3]
	[1]Space Weather Research Group. Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain. [2]Space Sciences Department, Aerospace Corporation, Chantilly, Virginia, USA. [3]Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
	The Application Usability Level (AULs) framework has been recently introduced as an efficient and effective way to track the progress of a project or product towards the needs of a user for a specific application. This work is an example of how the AUL framework facilitates communication between the industry users of space weather research, and researchers for developing a product. Presented are two local geomagnetic index data products, fully approved for on-demand use: the LDi and LCi indices. The former provides a nowcast of local geomagnetic disturbances, while the latter is a proxy for the risk due to geomagnetically induced currents.
14	Showcasing the ISWAT website	Mendoza, A et al.	p-Poster
	Michelle Mendoza[1], Masha Kuznetsova[1], Daniel Heynderickx[7], Mario Bisi[4, Hermann Opgenoorth[2], Anna Belehaki[3], Sean Bruinsma[5], Jon Linker[8], Ian Mann[9], Sophie Murray [10], Dibyendu Nandi [11], Manuela Temmer[12]
	[1]NASA GSFC, [2] Umeå University, [3]NOA, [4] UKRI STFC, [5 ]CNES, [6]ESA, [7] DH Consultancy, [8] PSI, [9] University of Alberta, [10] Trinity College Dublin, [11] Center of Excellence in Space Sciences India, [12] University of Graz
	We will showcase the just released ISWAT website (http://www.iswat-cospar.org) built with a content management platform to serve as an online presence for the ISWAT (International Space Weather Action Teams) - community driven effort hosted by the COSPAR Panel on Space Weather. The website was created to represent ISWAT overarching goal to serve as a global hub for topical collaborations and focused on different aspects of space weather. The homepage main’s ISWAT image menu shows ISWAT clusters that cover Solar (S), Heliosphere (H) and Geospace (G) domains. Each cluster (S1-S3, H1-H4, G1-G3) shown in the image is links to dedicated webpages that contain information about cluster goals and links to entry pages of registered action teams. The “Join ISWAT” link contains 2 interactive forms for joining ISWAT mailing list and for registration of established and emerging international teams focused on different aspects of space weather. After the registration is confirmed by cluster moderator a link to a new team entry page is added to a submitted cluster site. A team start entry team page will contain information submitted during registration that may include a link to an external team page as an option. Another interactive form to join a registered ISWAT team will be added in the near future. Future planned additions include a Forum to create threaded discussion boards to encourage discussions on global coordination of space weather and invite community inputs to global space weather roadmap updates. The website will be eventually maintained and facilitated by the COSPAR Panel on Space Weather Chairs/Vice-chairs, ISWAT cluster moderators, and ISWAT team representatives.